The Periodic Table Explained

1. What is an Element?

An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by normal chemical methods. Everything around us is made of elements. Each element is made of atoms, and each atom has three main parts:

Protons – positively charged particles in the nucleus
Neutrons – neutral particles in the nucleus
Electrons – negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus

The number of protons in an atom’s nucleus is called the atomic number. This number is what makes each element unique. For example, hydrogen has 1 proton, so its atomic number is 1.

2. What is the Periodic Table?

The periodic table is a chart that organizes all known elements based on their atomic number, properties, and similarities. It helps scientists:

Understand how elements behave
Predict reactions between elements
Compare elements with similar chemical properties
See patterns in elements, like metals, non-metals, and gases

The table is divided into:

Groups (columns): Elements in the same group usually have similar properties.
Periods (rows): Elements in the same period have the same number of electron shells.
Blocks: Like s-block, p-block, d-block, which show electron arrangements.

ALL 118 Elements Explained

1. Hydrogen (H)

Atomic Number: 1
Electron Configuration: 1
Type: Non-metal, gas
Fun Fact / Use: Hydrogen is the lightest element and is used in rockets and to make water (H₂O).

2. Helium (He)

Atomic Number: 2
Electron Configuration: 2
Type: Noble gas
Fun Fact / Use: Helium is very light and doesn’t react easily. It is used in balloons and airships.

3. Lithium (Li)

Atomic Number: 3
Electron Configuration: 2,1
Type: Alkali metal
Fun Fact / Use: Lithium is very soft and is used in batteries.

4. Beryllium (Be)

Atomic Number: 4
Electron Configuration: 2,2
Type: Alkaline earth metal
Fun Fact / Use: Beryllium is strong but light and used in aircraft parts.

5. Boron (B)

Atomic Number: 5
Electron Configuration: 2,3
Type: Metalloid
Fun Fact / Use: Boron is used in glass, detergents, and as a fire retardant.

6. Carbon (C)

Atomic Number: 6
Electron Configuration: 2,4
Type: Non-metal
Fun Fact / Use: Carbon is the basis of all life and is found in coal, graphite, and diamonds.

7. Nitrogen (N)

Atomic Number: 7
Electron Configuration: 2,5
Type: Non-metal, gas
Fun Fact / Use: Nitrogen makes up 78% of the air and is important for plants.

8. Oxygen (O)

Atomic Number: 8
Electron Configuration: 2,6
Type: Non-metal, gas
Fun Fact / Use: Oxygen makes up 21% of the air and is needed for breathing.

9. Fluorine (F)

Atomic Number: 9
Electron Configuration: 2,7
Type: Halogen
Fun Fact / Use: Fluorine is very reactive and is used in toothpaste to protect teeth.

10. Neon (Ne)

Atomic Number: 10
Electron Configuration: 2,8
Type: Noble gas
Fun Fact / Use: Neon is used in bright signs and lights because it glows.

11. Sodium (Na)

Atomic Number: 11
Electron Configuration: 2,8,1
Type: Alkali metal
Fun Fact / Use: Sodium is very reactive and is used in table salt and some chemical reactions.

12. Magnesium (Mg)

Atomic Number: 12
Electron Configuration: 2,8,2
Type: Alkaline earth metal
Fun Fact / Use: Magnesium is light and strong and is used in airplanes and fireworks.

13. Aluminum (Al)

Atomic Number: 13
Electron Configuration: 2,8,3
Type: Metal
Fun Fact / Use: Aluminum is used in cans, foil, and airplanes because it is lightweight.

14. Silicon (Si)

Atomic Number: 14
Electron Configuration: 2,8,4
Type: Metalloid
Fun Fact / Use: Silicon is used in computer chips, glass, and solar panels.

15. Phosphorus (P)

Atomic Number: 15
Electron Configuration: 2,8,5
Type: Non-metal
Fun Fact / Use: Phosphorus is used in fertilizers and matches.

16. Sulfur (S)

Atomic Number: 16
Electron Configuration: 2,8,6
Type: Non-metal
Fun Fact / Use: Sulfur is used in medicines, fertilizers, and matches.

17. Chlorine (Cl)

Atomic Number: 17
Electron Configuration: 2,8,7
Type: Halogen
Fun Fact / Use: Chlorine is used to clean water and make bleach.

18. Argon (Ar)

Atomic Number: 18
Electron Configuration: 2,8,8
Type: Noble gas
Fun Fact / Use: Argon is used in light bulbs and welding because it does not react easily.

19. Potassium (K)

Atomic Number: 19
Electron Configuration: 2,8,8,1
Type: Alkali metal
Fun Fact / Use: Potassium is important for plants and animals and is found in bananas.

20. Calcium (Ca)

Atomic Number: 20
Electron Configuration: 2,8,8,2
Type: Alkaline earth metal
Fun Fact / Use: Calcium is used to build bones, teeth, and in cement.

21. Scandium (Sc)

Atomic Number: 21
Electron Configuration: 2,8,9,2
Type: Transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Scandium is lightweight and used in sports equipment like baseball bats and bicycle frames.

22. Titanium (Ti)

Atomic Number: 22
Electron Configuration: 2,8,10,2
Type: Transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Titanium is strong, light, and does not rust easily. It is used in airplanes, medical tools, and jewelry.

23. Vanadium (V)

Atomic Number: 23
Electron Configuration: 2,8,11,2
Type: Transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Vanadium is used to make strong steel for tools, bridges, and cars.

24. Chromium (Cr)

Atomic Number: 24
Electron Configuration: 2,8,13,1
Type: Transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Chromium is shiny and is used to make stainless steel and car parts.

25. Manganese (Mn)

Atomic Number: 25
Electron Configuration: 2,8,13,2
Type: Transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Manganese is used in batteries and steel to make it stronger.

26. Iron (Fe)

Atomic Number: 26
Electron Configuration: 2,8,14,2
Type: Transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Iron is used in construction, tools, and to make steel. It is also essential for blood in our bodies.

27. Cobalt (Co)

Atomic Number: 27
Electron Configuration: 2,8,15,2
Type: Transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Cobalt is used to make batteries, magnets, and blue pigments for glass and paint.

28. Nickel (Ni)

Atomic Number: 28
Electron Configuration: 2,8,16,2
Type: Transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Nickel is used in coins, stainless steel, and rechargeable batteries.

29. Copper (Cu)

Atomic Number: 29
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,1
Type: Transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Copper is used in wires, plumbing, and coins because it conducts electricity well.

30. Zinc (Zn)

Atomic Number: 30
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,2
Type: Transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Zinc is used to protect metals from rusting and in making batteries.

31. Gallium (Ga)

Atomic Number: 31
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,3
Type: Post-transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Gallium melts in your hand and is used in electronics and LEDs.

32. Germanium (Ge)

Atomic Number: 32
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,4
Type: Metalloid
Fun Fact / Use: Germanium is used in electronics and solar panels.

33. Arsenic (As)

Atomic Number: 33
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,5
Type: Metalloid
Fun Fact / Use: Arsenic can be toxic but is used in pesticides, electronics, and alloys.

34. Selenium (Se)

Atomic Number: 34
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,6
Type: Non-metal
Fun Fact / Use: Selenium is used in electronics, glass making, and as a nutrient for humans in small amounts.

35. Bromine (Br)

Atomic Number: 35
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,7
Type: Halogen
Fun Fact / Use: Bromine is a red-brown liquid and is used in flame retardants and photography chemicals.

36. Krypton (Kr)

Atomic Number: 36
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,8
Type: Noble gas
Fun Fact / Use: Krypton is used in some lights and photography flashes.

37. Rubidium (Rb)

Atomic Number: 37
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,8,1
Type: Alkali metal
Fun Fact / Use: Rubidium is very reactive and is used in research and special types of glass.

38. Strontium (Sr)

Atomic Number: 38
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,8,2
Type: Alkaline earth metal
Fun Fact / Use: Strontium is used in fireworks to make red colors and in magnets.

39. Yttrium (Y)

Atomic Number: 39
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,9,2
Type: Transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Yttrium is used in LEDs, lasers, and superconductors.

40. Zirconium (Zr)

Atomic Number: 40
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,10,2
Type: Transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Zirconium is corrosion-resistant and is used in nuclear reactors and jewelry.

41. Niobium (Nb)

Atomic Number: 41
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,12,1
Type: Transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Niobium is used in making strong steel alloys and superconductors.

42. Molybdenum (Mo)

Atomic Number: 42
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,13,1
Type: Transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Molybdenum is used to make steel stronger and in electrical contacts.

43. Technetium (Tc)

Atomic Number: 43
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,13,2
Type: Transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Technetium is radioactive and used in medical imaging.

44. Ruthenium (Ru)

Atomic Number: 44
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,15,1
Type: Transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Ruthenium is used in electronics and to make jewelry shiny.

45. Rhodium (Rh)

Atomic Number: 45
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,16,1
Type: Transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Rhodium is shiny, expensive, and used in car catalytic converters.

46. Palladium (Pd)

Atomic Number: 46
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,18
Type: Transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Palladium is used in jewelry, electronics, and car catalytic converters.

47. Silver (Ag)

Atomic Number: 47
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,18,1
Type: Transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Silver is used in jewelry, coins, electronics, and mirrors.

48. Cadmium (Cd)

Atomic Number: 48
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,18,2
Type: Transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Cadmium is used in batteries and coatings for metals.

49. Indium (In)

Atomic Number: 49
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,18,3
Type: Post-transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Indium is used in touchscreens and LCD screens.

50. Tin (Sn)

Atomic Number: 50
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,18,4
Type: Post-transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Tin is used to coat other metals and in cans for food.

51. Antimony (Sb)

Atomic Number: 51
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,18,5
Type: Metalloid
Fun Fact / Use: Antimony is used in flame retardants, alloys, and batteries.

52. Tellurium (Te)

Atomic Number: 52
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,18,6
Type: Metalloid
Fun Fact / Use: Tellurium is used in electronics, solar panels, and thermoelectric devices.

53. Iodine (I)

Atomic Number: 53
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,18,7
Type: Halogen
Fun Fact / Use: Iodine is important for thyroid health and used as a disinfectant.

54. Xenon (Xe)

Atomic Number: 54
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,18,8
Type: Noble gas
Fun Fact / Use: Xenon is used in flashlights, lamps, and medical imaging.

55. Cesium (Cs)

Atomic Number: 55
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,18,8,1
Type: Alkali metal
Fun Fact / Use: Cesium is used in atomic clocks and photoelectric cells.

56. Barium (Ba)

Atomic Number: 56
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,18,8,2
Type: Alkaline earth metal
Fun Fact / Use: Barium is used in fireworks for green colors and in medical imaging.

57. Lanthanum (La)

Atomic Number: 57
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,18,9,2
Type: Lanthanide
Fun Fact / Use: Lanthanum is used in camera lenses and rechargeable batteries.

58. Cerium (Ce)

Atomic Number: 58
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,19,9,2
Type: Lanthanide
Fun Fact / Use: Cerium is used in catalytic converters and in glass polishing.

59. Praseodymium (Pr)

Atomic Number: 59
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,21,8,2
Type: Lanthanide
Fun Fact / Use: Praseodymium is used in magnets and special glasses.

60. Neodymium (Nd)

Atomic Number: 60
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,22,8,2
Type: Lanthanide
Fun Fact / Use: Neodymium is used in powerful magnets for headphones and wind turbines.

61. Promethium (Pm)

Atomic Number: 61
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,23,8,2
Type: Lanthanide, radioactive
Fun Fact / Use: Promethium is radioactive and used in luminous paint for watches and instruments.

62. Samarium (Sm)

Atomic Number: 62
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,24,8,2
Type: Lanthanide
Fun Fact / Use: Samarium is used in magnets and in cancer treatment machines.

63. Europium (Eu)

Atomic Number: 63
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,25,8,2
Type: Lanthanide
Fun Fact / Use: Europium is used in red and blue phosphors for TV screens and LEDs.

64. Gadolinium (Gd)

Atomic Number: 64
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,25,9,2
Type: Lanthanide
Fun Fact / Use: Gadolinium is used in MRI contrast agents and electronics.

65. Terbium (Tb)

Atomic Number: 65
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,27,8,2
Type: Lanthanide
Fun Fact / Use: Terbium is used in green phosphors for screens and in lasers.

66. Dysprosium (Dy)

Atomic Number: 66
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,28,8,2
Type: Lanthanide
Fun Fact / Use: Dysprosium is used in magnets and nuclear reactors.

67. Holmium (Ho)

Atomic Number: 67
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,29,8,2
Type: Lanthanide
Fun Fact / Use: Holmium is used in lasers and in scientific instruments.

68. Erbium (Er)

Atomic Number: 68
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,30,8,2
Type: Lanthanide
Fun Fact / Use: Erbium is used in lasers and fiber optics for communication.

69. Thulium (Tm)

Atomic Number: 69
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,31,8,2
Type: Lanthanide
Fun Fact / Use: Thulium is used in X-ray machines and small lasers.

70. Ytterbium (Yb)

Atomic Number: 70
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,8,2
Type: Lanthanide
Fun Fact / Use: Ytterbium is used in lasers and atomic clocks.

71. Lutetium (Lu)

Atomic Number: 71
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,9,2
Type: Lanthanide
Fun Fact / Use: Lutetium is used in PET scanners and special crystals.

72. Hafnium (Hf)

Atomic Number: 72
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,10,2
Type: Transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Hafnium is used in nuclear reactors and electronics.

73. Tantalum (Ta)

Atomic Number: 73
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,11,2
Type: Transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Tantalum is used in electronics, like phones and computers.

74. Tungsten (W)

Atomic Number: 74
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,12,2
Type: Transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Tungsten is very hard and is used in light bulb filaments and cutting tools.

75. Rhenium (Re)

Atomic Number: 75
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,13,2
Type: Transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Rhenium is used in jet engines and superalloys.

76. Osmium (Os)

Atomic Number: 76
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,14,2
Type: Transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Osmium is very dense and used in fountain pen tips and electrical contacts.

77. Iridium (Ir)

Atomic Number: 77
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,15,2
Type: Transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Iridium is corrosion-resistant and used in spark plugs and jewelry.

78. Platinum (Pt)

Atomic Number: 78
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,17,1
Type: Transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Platinum is used in jewelry, catalytic converters, and lab equipment.

79. Gold (Au)

Atomic Number: 79
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,18,1
Type: Transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Gold is used in jewelry, electronics, and as money.

80. Mercury (Hg)

Atomic Number: 80
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,18,2
Type: Transition metal, liquid
Fun Fact / Use: Mercury is a liquid metal used in thermometers and some electrical switches.

81. Thallium (Tl)

Atomic Number: 81
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,18,3
Type: Post-transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Thallium is used in electronics and some medical devices.

82. Lead (Pb)

Atomic Number: 82
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,18,4
Type: Post-transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Lead is used in batteries, shielding from radiation, and historically in pipes.

83. Bismuth (Bi)

Atomic Number: 83
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,18,5
Type: Post-transition metal
Fun Fact / Use: Bismuth is used in cosmetics, medicines, and low-melting alloys.

84. Polonium (Po)

Atomic Number: 84
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,18,6
Type: Metalloid, radioactive
Fun Fact / Use: Polonium is rare and radioactive, used in research and static eliminators.

85. Astatine (At)

Atomic Number: 85
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,18,7
Type: Halogen, radioactive
Fun Fact / Use: Astatine is very rare and radioactive, used in research.

86. Radon (Rn)

Atomic Number: 86
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,18,8
Type: Noble gas, radioactive
Fun Fact / Use: Radon is used in research, but is dangerous in homes if it accumulates.

87. Francium (Fr)

Atomic Number: 87
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,18,8,1
Type: Alkali metal, radioactive
Fun Fact / Use: Francium is extremely rare and radioactive, mainly used in research.

88. Radium (Ra)

Atomic Number: 88
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,18,8,2
Type: Alkaline earth metal, radioactive
Fun Fact / Use: Radium glows in the dark and was historically used in watch dials.

89. Actinium (Ac)

Atomic Number: 89
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,18,9,2
Type: Actinide
Fun Fact / Use: Actinium is radioactive and used in research and radiation therapy.

90. Thorium (Th)

Atomic Number: 90
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,18,10,2
Type: Actinide
Fun Fact / Use: Thorium is used in nuclear reactors and some high-quality lenses.

91. Protactinium (Pa)

Atomic Number: 91
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,20,9,2
Type: Actinide, radioactive
Fun Fact / Use: Protactinium is rare and mainly used in research.

92. Uranium (U)

Atomic Number: 92
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,21,9,2
Type: Actinide, radioactive
Fun Fact / Use: Uranium is used as fuel in nuclear power plants.

93. Neptunium (Np)

Atomic Number: 93
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,22,9,2
Type: Actinide, radioactive
Fun Fact / Use: Neptunium is used in research and nuclear energy studies.

94. Plutonium (Pu)

Atomic Number: 94
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,24,8,2
Type: Actinide, radioactive
Fun Fact / Use: Plutonium is used in nuclear reactors and research.

95. Americium (Am)

Atomic Number: 95
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,25,8,2
Type: Actinide, radioactive
Fun Fact / Use: Americium is used in smoke detectors.

96. Curium (Cm)

Atomic Number: 96
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,26,8,2
Type: Actinide, radioactive
Fun Fact / Use: Curium is used in research and as a heat source in space probes.

97. Berkelium (Bk)

Atomic Number: 97
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,27,8,2
Type: Actinide, radioactive
Fun Fact / Use: Berkelium is used in scientific research.

98. Californium (Cf)

Atomic Number: 98
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,28,8,2
Type: Actinide, radioactive
Fun Fact / Use: Californium is used in nuclear reactors and detecting gold and silver.

99. Einsteinium (Es)

Atomic Number: 99
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,29,8,2
Type: Actinide, radioactive
Fun Fact / Use: Einsteinium is used for research purposes.

100. Fermium (Fm)

Atomic Number: 100
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,30,8,2
Type: Actinide, radioactive
Fun Fact / Use: Fermium is used in scientific research.

101. Mendelevium (Md)

Atomic Number: 101
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,31,8,2
Type: Actinide, radioactive
Fun Fact / Use: Mendelevium is used in research and is named after Mendeleev.

102. Nobelium (No)

Atomic Number: 102
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,32,8,2
Type: Actinide, radioactive
Fun Fact / Use: Nobelium is used in research only.

103. Lawrencium (Lr)

Atomic Number: 103
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,32,9,2
Type: Actinide, radioactive
Fun Fact / Use: Lawrencium is used in research.

104. Rutherfordium (Rf)

Atomic Number: 104
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,32,10,2
Type: Transition metal, synthetic
Fun Fact / Use: Rutherfordium is only made in labs and used for research.

105. Dubnium (Db)

Atomic Number: 105
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,32,11,2
Type: Transition metal, synthetic
Fun Fact / Use: Dubnium is synthetic and used in scientific research.

106. Seaborgium (Sg)

Atomic Number: 106
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,32,12,2
Type: Transition metal, synthetic
Fun Fact / Use: Seaborgium is only made in labs for research.

107. Bohrium (Bh)

Atomic Number: 107
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,32,13,2
Type: Transition metal, synthetic
Fun Fact / Use: Bohrium is used in research labs.

108. Hassium (Hs)

Atomic Number: 108
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,32,14,2
Type: Transition metal, synthetic
Fun Fact / Use: Hassium is only made in labs for research.

109. Meitnerium (Mt)

Atomic Number: 109
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,32,15,2
Type: Transition metal, synthetic
Fun Fact / Use: Meitnerium is used in research.

110. Darmstadtium (Ds)

Atomic Number: 110
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,32,16,2
Type: Transition metal, synthetic
Fun Fact / Use: Darmstadtium is only used in research.

111. Roentgenium (Rg)

Atomic Number: 111
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,32,17,2
Type: Transition metal, synthetic
Fun Fact / Use: Roentgenium is synthetic and used in scientific research.

112. Copernicium (Cn)

Atomic Number: 112
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,32,18,2
Type: Transition metal, synthetic
Fun Fact / Use: Copernicium is only made in labs.

113. Nihonium (Nh)

Atomic Number: 113
Electron Configuration: Unknown (synthetic)
Type: Post-transition metal, synthetic
Fun Fact / Use: Nihonium is very unstable and used in research.

114. Flerovium (Fl)

Atomic Number: 114
Electron Configuration: Unknown (synthetic)
Type: Post-transition metal, synthetic
Fun Fact / Use: Flerovium is used in research labs.

115. Moscovium (Mc)

Atomic Number: 115
Electron Configuration: Unknown (synthetic)
Type: Post-transition metal, synthetic
Fun Fact / Use: Moscovium is used only in research.

116. Livermorium (Lv)

Atomic Number: 116
Electron Configuration: Unknown (synthetic)
Type: Post-transition metal, synthetic
Fun Fact / Use: Livermorium is used in scientific research.

117. Tennessine (Ts)

Atomic Number: 117
Electron Configuration: Unknown (synthetic)
Type: Halogen, synthetic
Fun Fact / Use: Tennessine is used in research only.

118. Oganesson (Og)

Atomic Number: 118
Electron Configuration: Unknown (synthetic)
Type: Noble gas, synthetic
Fun Fact / Use: Oganesson is highly unstable and used only in research.

Conclusion & Explanation

The periodic table is like a giant map for all the elements in the universe. Every element is a tiny building block of everything around us, including the air we breathe, the metals in buildings, and the water we drink. Each element has a chemical symbol, an atomic number, and is made of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Protons are positively charged particles in the nucleus.
Neutrons are neutral particles in the nucleus.
Electrons are tiny negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus.

Elements are grouped in the periodic table based on their similar properties. Metals are shiny, strong, and conduct electricity. Non-metals can be gases or solids and are usually brittle. Metalloids have traits of both metals and non-metals.

Each element is unique. Some, like oxygen and hydrogen, make up the water we drink. Metals like iron and titanium are used in buildings, airplanes, and tools. Rare elements, like neodymium, are used in magnets for headphones and wind turbines. Many synthetic elements, like oganesson, exist only in labs and are used for scientific research.

By using the word FrAcTiON made from chemical symbols, this project shows that relationships between elements to explain clearly in a fun way. Fractions help explain parts of a whole, just like elements make up all matter. Science can be fun, creative, and easy to understand when you see patterns and connections.

The periodic table is not just a chart. It is a story of everything in the universe. Learning about it helps us understand how the world works. From the tiniest atom to the largest metal structures, every element plays an important role.

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